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Media Bible - Editing
For the fourth instalment in this media bible, I'm going to look at editing.
Action Match
Action Matching is a very simple but essential technique, where the perspective of the camera changes during a scene and the scene continues to flow.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-8hOKNbtxg |
Continuity Editing
Continuity editing is the predominant style of film editing and video editing in the post-production process of film making of narrative films and television programs. The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGCMfprPJoA |
Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action, which can suggest the simultaneity of these two actions but this is not always the case.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmptU7vEkNU |
Parallel Editing
Parallel editing is a technique whereby cutting occurs between two or more related actions occurring at the same time in two separate locations or different points in time.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=skLqOuVG98M |
Cut
The cut is the most common type of video transition. It simply means replacing one shot instantly with the next.
When you shoot video footage on your camera, there is a cut between each shot, i.e. between when you stop recording and start recording the next shot. Although some cameras do offer built-in transitions, most recorded footage is separated by cuts.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOrNdBpGMv8 |
Cutaway
In film and video, a cutaway shot is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It is usually, although not always, followed by a cut back to the first shot. This can help the editor reduce the time a scene would take if shown in real time.
Dissolve
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvipPYFebWc |
A dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another. The terms fade-out and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image. This is in contrast to a cut where there is no such transition. A dissolve overlaps two shots for the duration of the effect, usually at the end of one scene and the beginning of the next, but may be used in montage sequences also. Generally, but not always, the use of a dissolve is held to indicate that a period of time has passed between the two scenes.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rt5mcZFYLng |
Eyeline Match
An eyeline match is a film editing technique associated with the continuity editing system. It is based on the premise that the audience will want to see what the character on-screen is seeing.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=jblsCWkUwv0&t=36s |
Jump Cuts
A jump cut is a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly. This type of edit gives the effect of jumping forwards in time. It is a manipulation of temporal space using the duration of a single shot, and fracturing the duration to move the audience ahead
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=wppVxihvV1s |
Long take
A long take or oner is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes. Long takes are often accomplished through the use of a dolly shot or Steadicam shot. Long takes of a sequence filmed in one shot without any editing are rare in films. (the .gif below is from gravity, this scene is 17 minutes long without a cut)
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=cEkILY1h6fA |
Short take
A short take, for instance, might be one or two seconds long, although contemporary films continue to use shorter and shorter takes of less than a single second (making two or three seconds, which sounds like a short amount of time, not very short at all).
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsO6ZnUZI0g |
Montage
A montage refers to a series of shots edited together to show a longer activity evolving in a shorter amount of time or to show a series of related activities.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=zamE9cvC6u0 |
Shot-reverse shot
After an establishing shot, the shot-reverse shot refers to the close-ups used when two characters are in conversation. (Because we have already used an establishing shot, we now know where the characters are in relation to one another.)
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ny6MzHkKhc4 |
Split Screen
Split screening is where two story lines are seen on screen at the same time, often taking up an equal amount of the screen to show equal importance.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-xJ15AN9ts |
Wipe
One shot “wipes” across the screen and replaces another.
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=7LXQg6t4q2A |
Fade
Going from black (nothing on the screen) to a shot (fade in), or going from a shot to black (fade out). These transitions usually (but not always) connote a larger amount of time passing or might also be used to signal a break in the narrative
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| www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWo_N1UnzFw |
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